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Preimplantation Genetic Testing

PGT, or Preimplantation Genetic Testing, is the specialized technique used with IVF (in vitro fertilization) to check embryos before placing them in the uterus. The main goal is the detection of genetically unhealthy embryos and further placement of only healthy ones into the mother’s or surrogate’s uterus. This helps the expecting parents by increasing their chances of conceiving a healthy baby and lowering the chances of miscarriage and passing genetic diseases to their baby.

What is Preimplantation Genetic Testing?

PGT refers to the examination of an embryo for chromosomal or genetic defects during an IVF cycle. It reduces the chances of miscarriage and inherited illnesses by screening embryos that may have a potential problem and selecting the appropriate one to be placed into the uterus.

There are three main types:

  • PGT-A (Aneuploidy): Examines chromosomal abnormalities (associated with miscarriages or unsuccessful IVF cycles).
  • PGT-M (Monogenic): Checks for some hereditary diseases such as cystic fibrosis or thalassaemia.
  • PGT-SR (Structural Rearrangements): Identifies chromosomal structural changes that may have an impact on embryonic development.

When is PGT Recommended?

PGT is primarily recommended in the following situations and is not mandatory for all IVF patients.
  • Women who are more than 35 years old.
  • Couples who have experienced numerous miscarriages or IVF failures.
  • People who have genetic disorders
  • Men who have poor sperm quality or severe male infertility.

What is the Procedure of Preimplantation Genetic Testing?

The process starts with egg retrieval and fertilization to create embryos, followed by culturing them to the blastocyst stage (day 5-6). A skilled embryologist then performs a biopsy, extracting a few cells from the trophectoderm (future placenta) without affecting the inner cell mass (future fetus). After biopsy, the cells undergo genetic testing with sophisticated techniques for types such as PGT-A (aneuploidy), PGT-M (single-gene disorders), or PGT-SR (structural issues).

Post-Analysis
Embryos are cryopreserved while waiting for the results, usually for a period of 1-2 weeks. Doctors then select and transfer genetically normal embryos in a subsequent frozen cycle to enhance success rates and reduce miscarriage risks.

Preparation for PGT Feasibility Test and Workup

The doctor, after seeing the result, will determine whether PGT-A is appropriate for your condition. You and your partner should be prepared to donate blood samples to the clinic’s testing lab once you have been granted permission to prepare for the PGT workup. Your IVF cycle can then be initiated upon completion of the workup.

Dr. Anju Yadav provides the most accurate preimplantation genetic testing treatment. In addition to providing IVF preimplantation genetic diagnosis, Dr. Anju also specialises in numerous other fertility treatments, technical services, and clinical solutions, including IUI, ERA, PCOS/PCOD treatment, Egg Freezing. Contact Dr. Anju Yadav today for fertility treatments!

Frequently Asked Questions

Q. Does PGT-A increase the chances of IVF success?
PGT-A increases the likelihood of a good pregnancy result, decreases the risk of miscarriage, and shortens the time to achieve a healthy pregnancy.

Its advantages are:

  • Increasing the IVF success rate
  • Reducing the possibility of implanting an embryo with a chromosomal abnormality.
  • Beneficial for choosing the ideal embryo and reducing the need to transfer several embryos
PGT-SR (structural rearrangement) checks for aberrant chromosomal structure (such as breaks/rejoins, inversions, and translocations) in parents who are carriers, assisting in the selection of balanced embryos to prevent serious genetic problems and miscarriages; PGT-A (aneuploidy) checks for the correct number of chromosomes.
Yes, PGT is a useful method for boosting IVF success and choosing the best embryos for implantation. However, it does not ensure a successful pregnancy.